Stolen Future Chapter 13 and 14

                              Quote Master 

1.) "Declining sperm counts loom ominously over this discussion, for these reports harbor implications that 

extend beyond the question of male fertility."

This quote is extremely important because it introduces the problem and foreshadows the possible results that it might have which is much of what the chapter is about. In fact, this problem seems to extent beyond control and is not applied to male fertility.  

2.) "Animal experiments indicate that contamination levels sufficient to impair sperm production may affect brain development and behavior as well."

This quote's significance lies in the fact that the contamination levels have a great impact of human health.  It not only impairs sperm production but it also affects brain development and human behavior as well.

3.) "What is at stake is not simply a matter of some individual destinies or impacts on the most sensitive among us but a widespread erosion of human potential over the past half century."

This quote shows that the disease not only affects individuals but it greatly impacts the nation as a whole.  If detrimental, it can have a negative impact and harmful results on the entire human race.  This quote also states the the time over which the disease might affect humans for. 

4.) "Falling sperm counts could be an unfortunate historical episode- an unforeseen consequence of the midcentury experiment with persistent chemicals, which many countries have now wisely discontinued."

This quote is the most important one of all.  It states that the problems and disease was an unforeseen event that have devastating results.  However, because countries have discontinued these chemicals, the continuation of the problem is also stopped. 

5.) "It would be comforting to know that hormonally active chemicals are not casting a shadow on the next generation, but the evidence provides no such assurance."

This quote's significance lies in the fact that the hormonally active chemicals are indeed casting a shadow on the next generation.  The fact that the chemicals are having an impact of the next generation is potentially dangerous because it shows that the chemical is inheritable and is able to affect many generations onward.

Stolen Future Chapter 10, 11, and 12

1.) What is the first warning in the scientific literature that synthetic chemicals could have the inadvertent effect of disrupting hormones? 198

2.) What did the paper by two Syrause University zoologists, Verlus Frank Lindeman and his graduate student Howard Burligton, described? 198

3.) As young cockerels mature, tall red combs blossom on what? 199

4.) The study provided alarming evidence of the power of a synthetic chemical to derail sexual development, but what happens? 199

5.) By what measure was DDT a remarkably safe product? 200

6.) What does hormone systems do not behave according to the classical dose-response model inform?200

7.) Exposure to a hormone-disrupting chemical before birth does not produce what?207

8.) Despite alarming signs, such as the report of dropping male sperm count, the lion's share share of research money what? 207

9.) Leading researchers investigating hormone-disrupting chemicals frequently find it impossible to what? 207

10.) Feelings of fright and helplessness are what?

11.) Defending ourselves from this hazard requires action on several fronts aimed at eliminating new sources of what? 211

Stolen Future Chapter 7 and 8 and 9

1.) Toxicologists: The science dealing with the effects, antidotes, detection, etc., of poisons.

2.) Dioxin: a general name for a family of chlorinated hydrocarbons, C ₁₂ H ₄Cl ₄ O ₂ , typically used to refer to one isomer, TCDD, a by-product of pesticide manufacture: a toxic compound that iscarcinogenic and teratogenic in certain animals.

3.) Arsenic: a grayish-white element having a metallic luster, vaporizingwhen heated, and forming poisonous compounds.  A mineral, the native element, occurring in white or graymasses.

4.) Contaminant: Something that contaminates.

5.) Feminized: to make or become feminine.

6.) Hormone: Any of various internally secreted compounds,as insulin or thyroxine, formed in endocrine glands, thataffect the functions of specifically receptive organs ortissues when transported to them by the body fluids.

7.) Uterus: The enlarged, muscular, expandable portion of the oviduct in which the fertilized ovum implants and develops or rests during prenatal development; the womb of certain mammals.

8.) Pathological: Of or pertaining to pathology.  Caused by or involving disease; morbid. Caused by or evidencing a mentally disturbed condition.

9.) Lethal: Of, pertaining to, or causing death; deadly; fatal.  Causing great harm or destruction.

10.) Fertility: The ability to produce offspring; power of reproduction

11.) Lordosis: An abnormal forward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region, resulting in a swaybacked posture.Compare kyphosis, scoliosis.

12.) Prowess: Exceptional valor, bravery, or ability, especially in combat or battle.

13.) Androgen: Any substance, as testosterone or androsterone, that promotesmale characteristics.

14.) Methoxychlor: A white, crystalline, water-insoluble solid, C _1 6 H _1 5 Cl ₃ O ₂ ,used as an insecticide.

15.) Hydrocarbon: Any of a class of compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon, as an alkane, methane, CH ₄ , an alkene, ethylene, C ₂ H ₄ , analkyne, acetylene, C ₂ H ₂ , or an aromatic compound, benzene, C₆ H ₆ .

Stolen Future Chapter 5 and 6

                                                                Discussion Questions

1.) What problems did DES  cause? (68)

2.) Twelve years after the advent the advent of these compounds, researchers as Syracuse University learned what? (69)

3.) However much these two synthetic chemicals resemble each other, these impostors do not look like what? (69).

4.) Each hormone and its particular receptor have a "made for each other" attraction, which scientists describe as what? (71)

5.) What does the hypothalamus in the brain have and what does it allow the brain to do? (71)

6.) What is the analogy of the hormone and their receptors compared to? (72)

7.) The early 1940s seemed like a particularly promising time for the sheep ranchers in the gently rolling hills south of Perth in western Australia because of what three reasons? (75)

8.) After extensive detective work that involved not only the state agricultural specialists but federal scientists as will, researchers finally determined that the cause of the sterility epidemic was not to be found in poison or disease or a genetic defect, the actual cause was? (75).

9.) The more Hughes explored the notion that plants might be making contraceptives, the more evidence he found to be what? (77).

10.) What is Hughes background and his job? (77).

11.) What did Whitten find out about the exposure to plant estrogens early in life? (78).

12.) The pups in this experiment did not suffer obvious genital defects or other physical abnormalities in the reproductive tract as seen in the DES experiments, but they showed what? (78).

13.) To date, researchers have identified at least fifty-one synthetic chemicals-many of them ubiquitous in the environment- that disrupt the endocrine system in which way? (81).

14.) Most discussions of hormone-disrupting chemicals inevitably focuses on what? (81).

15.) As the number of hormone-disrupting chemicals mounts, what does it emphasizes? (81).